تحلیل گرافیک رابط کاربـری در اپلیکیشـن فرهنگ و هنر گوگل بر اساس مؤلفه‌های خلاقیت گیلفورد

With the advancement of technology in the communication industry, interaction between people with electronic devices, especially smartphones, has increased. Therefore, in order to facilitate interaction, many user interface experts design applications in this field, whose purpose is to provide a suitable environment for users. Interactive design, as its name suggests, means designing a way to communicate and interact between two entities. For example, how people communicate with new technologies, understand them well and use them correctly. The suitability of an application depends on its practicality and comprehensibility, in which many factors, including the graphic user interface, are important. A graphical user interface (GUI) is a form of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and audio cues such as basic icons, rather than text-based user interfaces, typed command labels, or textual navigation. The graphic user interface consists of several important and basic parts that are very important in the interaction with the user, which are reviewed in this article: 1- An icon is a symbol or a visual display in the form of a small graphic image that allows users to quickly access a file. 2- Buttons in graphics refer to any type of widget that provides users with a way to start an action or a process. 3- Layout is an act of purposefully putting several elements together to convey information to the audience. 4- Wireframe is one of the first and important steps in design, especially in user interface design, website and application design; Because with the wireframe design, many complex projects and plans can be skeletonized so that everything is clear from the beginning and without any trouble, the elements can be placed in their place according to the wireframe. An important point that differentiates between applications and their popularity among users is the degree of benefit from creativity. Everyone looks at creativity with a special attitude and defines and interprets it from his own point of view. However, each person may have a definition of creativity from which the word innovation cannot be removed. A lot of research has been done in this field and there are different definitions of creativity, but the most comprehensive one is Guilford's theory. The first person who paid special attention to the distinction between creativity and intelligence was Guilford. In the cognitive cube, he has emphasized the constructive dimensions of intelligence and proposed two types of divergent and convergent thinking. Guilford showed a special interest in intelligence and creativity by distinguishing between divergent and convergent thinking. Divergent thinking means moving away from a common point, which is the custom and tradition of society, and convergent thinking means getting closer to that point. According to this review, creativity occurs when divergent thinking, which Guilford referred to as creativity, is used. This thinking has 8 features that are used as creativity components in this article for analysis, which include: 1- Fluidity is called the number of ideas or ways that come to the mind to solve the problem. 2- The flexibility of an idea that can tolerate ambiguity and can change. Also, weakness in prediction or unpredictability. 3- Newness or innovation in unusual and intelligent answers to a problem that causes the creativity and uniqueness of the idea. 4- Expansion means that we can extract related and closer ideas from the heart of an idea. 5- Combining several elements or discordant ideas that lead to new and different ideas. 6- Analyzing a single issue comprehensively and completely, also discussing the factors affecting it. 7- Changing, organizing an idea and producing new and creative ideas. 8- Complexity means the ability to deal with a number of different and diverse thoughts at the same time. In this study, in order to have a better understanding of creativity and its effects on the application and user interface, an analysis was done on the Google Art and Culture application. In this evaluation, which examined each component separately in each section, it was concluded that some components in sections such as icons or buttons that are defined by contract cannot be changed much for each platform, but the strengths of this application are diversity. And the breadth of use and capabilities it offers to users. It has used the component of fluidity, flexibility and expansion well in different sectors. For example, these components have been well-used in providing various services such as museum visits, games or search categories for works of art. As a result, despite the few weaknesses that can be seen in some parts, this application is generally creative.