مطالعه موضوع ­نقاشی ­های ­دیواری کاخ کنوسوس (نوع مقاله: پژوهشی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دکتراى رشته باستان شناسى تخصصى،(دوران تاریخى)، دانشگاه آزاد، واحد تهران مرکز

2 استاد گروه باستان شناسى، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه تهران

3 استاد و مدیرگروه باستان شناسى، دانشکده ادبیات، دانشگاه تهران

http://dx.doi.org/10.29252/rahpooyesoore.5.2.71

چکیده

تحقیق حاضرمطالعه نقاشی های دیواری کاخ کنوسوس است. این کاخ واقع درجزیره کرت متعلق به تمدن مینوسی، درعصرمفرغ جدید(1400- 2000 پ.م) دارای زیباترین نقاشی های دیواری است.­هدف اصلی ­مطالعه، بررسی موضوع های نقاشی دیواری دراین کاخ ازدیدگاه هنرنقاشی و مسئله اساسی، مطالعه درباره موضوعات گیاه، حیوان و انسان از منظر هنرنقاشی است. پژوهش به روش توصیفی انجام گرفته است. بررسی سوابق گویای آنست که محل قرارگرفتن نقاشی ها با توجه به موضوع آنها در بخش های مختلف کاخ به این ترتیب بوده است: موضوع گیاهی در بخش غربی کاخ، موضوع حیوانی واسطوره ای درضلع شرقی، موضوع انسانی در قسمت جنوبی و نقاشی های ضلع شمالی کاخ کنوسوس مربوط به جشن ها، مراسم روحانی و عبادت بوده است. نقاشی ها، در پُر رفت وآمدترین محله ای کاخ قرارداشته اند و در معرض دید بینندگان زیادی قرارداشته است. نتایج تحقیق نشان دادکه نقاشی ها ازریتم، وحدت و هماهنگی(کمپوزیسیون، خط، رنگ، بافت) برخوردار بوده اند. نقاشی های مینوسی از اولین مواردی است که در آن رهائی از قوانین و مقررات نقاشی درآن زمان اتفاق افتاده، نخستین مرتبه است که روش امپرسیونیسم بکار رفته و می توان گفت آغاز این سبک، از تمدن مینوسی ها بوده است، که تغییر تاریخ این روش نقاشی، در تاریخ هنر می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Studying of subjects the Mural Paintings in the Palace of Knossos ……. Research Paper

نویسندگان [English]

  • Firoozeh Nawab Akbar 1
  • Bahman Firoozmandi Shire gini 2
  • Kamaluddin Niknamie 3
1 PhD in Skilled Archaeology, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch
2 Professor Archaeology, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch
3 Professor Archaeology, Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch
چکیده [English]

The study is about the study of the mural of the Knossos Palace wall paintings. It is located on the island of Crete belonging to Minoan civilization; it has the most beautiful murals in the modern Bronze Age. The main purpose of this study was to study the subjects of mural painting in the palace from the viewpoint of painting art. The basic matter is the study of themes: plants, animals and humans from the perspective of painting art. This research has been done in a descriptive way.Data collection was carried out through library studies.
It  is    done    by   three     methods:1.axis  combination interpretation. 2.analysis manner. 3.semiotics.The circumstance and essence results show that: In the Konossos paintings palace, the role of Griffin Hall in the throne is influenced by the Civilization of the East (Iran) and the role transfer has been carried out by impression. Data collection was carried out through library studies. The resource and information collection required, 14 sample images were selected from all the collected images (about 60).
The questionnaire key, consisting of 28 main questions designed with reference to the sources. The questions coded and then transferred to the Excel program and the qualitative codes became quantitative. Human activity and its purpose is to convey the highest and best emotions that humanists have achieved.
With the help of art designs, he expresses his feelings to all people and this is true not only of the present but of the past and the future (Tolstoy; 1994). The Aegean Civilization painting is style by Impressionism and Fresco. The Impressionism History is depending on Aegean Civilization in the Konossos Palace.
The study indicates that the location of the paintings with regard to their subject in different parts of the palace was this: the topic of vegetation in the west wing. The subject matter in the south side, the human subject in the south side and paintings of the northern side of the palace were related to celebrations, spiritual celebrations and worship. The paintings have been around the busiest in the home and exposed too many viewers. The results showed that paintings were of rhythm, unity and harmony (composiosion, line, color, texture).
From a semiotic perspective.Importance of internal issues.Coordination,creativity   and   imagination (combining, subjectivity and objectivity).
The themes of the paintings have been mythical, social and atrocious. Minoan paintings are one of the first things, which means getting out of the laws and regulations of painting at that time. In visual art, it is the first time that Impression method has been used and then impressionism was the beginning of Minoan Civilization.This indicates a change in the history of this painting in the history of art.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Minoan Art
  • Knossos Palace
  • Mural Painting
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